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What Happens After a Child's Diagnosis? A Step-by-Step Guide for Families

What Happens After a Diagnosis? Next Steps for Families

Receiving a diagnosis for your child can be one of the most emotional moments in a family’s journey. Whether your child has been diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) or  Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), a Specific Learning Disorder (SLD), anxiety, developmental delay, or another neurodevelopmental or psychological condition, it’s completely normal to experience a mix of emotions.

Many parents describe feeling relief because they finally have answers. Others experience sadness, fear, confusion, or guilt. Some feel all of these emotions at once. The important thing to remember is that a diagnosis is not the end of your child’s story, it is the beginning of understanding how they learn, communicate, and experience the world.

At RMPS, we often remind families that a diagnosis is simply a roadmap. It helps identify your child’s strengths, challenges, and the supports that will allow them to thrive. The earlier families understand what comes next, the sooner meaningful progress can begin.

In this guide, we’ll explain exactly what happens after a diagnosis, the practical steps families can take, and how the right professional support can make a lasting difference.

Understanding What a Diagnosis Really Means

One of the biggest misconceptions is that a diagnosis defines a child.

It doesn’t.

A diagnosis is a clinical description based on comprehensive assessment findings. It provides professionals, educators, and families with a shared understanding of your child’s needs so that appropriate interventions can be planned.

Rather than placing limits on your child, an accurate diagnosis opens doors to:

  • Evidence-based interventions
  • School accommodations
  • Government or community support services (where applicable)
  • Better understanding from educators
  • Improved family communication
  • More realistic and achievable goals

Research consistently shows that receiving an accurate diagnosis earlier allows children to access interventions during periods of greatest brain development.

For example, Dawson et al. (2010) found that early intervention for children with autism significantly improves cognitive ability, adaptive functioning, and language outcomes, particularly when started during the preschool years.

Parents often feel pressure to immediately organise therapies, appointments, and school meetings.

While timely intervention matters, it’s equally important to process the information emotionally.

You may experience:

Step 1: Take Time to Process the Diagnosis

  • Relief
  • Shock
  • Grief
  • Anxiety
  • Hope
  • Confusion
  • Uncertainty about the future

These reactions are completely normal.

Remember that the diagnosis hasn’t changed your child overnight. It has simply given a name to challenges that already existed.

Many parents benefit from:

  • Reading reliable information
  • Asking follow-up questions
  • Speaking with the assessing psychologist
  • Joining reputable parent support groups
  • Discussing concerns with trusted healthcare professionals

At RMPS, we anticipate that parents need some time to process the diagnoses and review the report, which is why we schedule a 30 minute follow-up discussion approximately 6 weeks after the feedback meeting. Assessment reports can contain detailed clinical terminology, and understanding what the findings actually mean is an important first step. During the follow-up meeting, we also talk about what the next steps will be and create an actionable plan.

Step 2: Read and Understand the Assessment Report

Your assessment report becomes one of the most valuable documents for your child’s future support.

It usually includes:

  • Developmental history
  • Assessment results
  • Clinical observations
  • Diagnosis (if applicable)
  • Strengths
  • Areas requiring support
  • Recommendations
  • School recommendations
  • Therapy recommendations

Don’t focus only on the diagnosis.

Instead, pay close attention to:

  • Your child’s strengths
  • Learning profile
  • Cognitive abilities
  • Social skills
  • Emotional functioning
  • Adaptive behaviour
  • Executive functioning
  • Practical recommendations

These recommendations become the blueprint for future intervention.

If anything is unclear, ask questions.

A good assessment should leave families feeling informed rather than overwhelmed.

Step 3: Build the Right Support Team

After a diagnosis, many parents wonder:

“Who should we see now?”

The answer depends entirely on your child’s individual needs.

Your multidisciplinary team may include:

  • Psychologist
  • Speech pathologist
  • Occupational therapist
  • Behaviour therapist
  • Paediatrician
  • Psychiatrist
  • Learning support teacher
  • Educational therapist
  • Physiotherapist (when appropriate)

Not every child requires every service.

One of the biggest mistakes families make is enrolling their child in multiple therapies without understanding which interventions address their specific challenges.

A comprehensive psychological assessment helps prioritise interventions rather than simply increasing the number of appointments.

At RMPS, our recommendations are individualised. We focus on matching supports to your child’s assessment findings instead of applying a one-size-fits-all approach.

Step 4: Start Evidence-Based Intervention

Intervention should always be based on your child’s assessed needs not solely on the diagnosis.

For example:

A child with ADHD may benefit from:

  • Executive functioning strategies
  • Parent coaching
  • Behavioural interventions
  • Classroom accommodations

A child with autism may require:

  • Communication support
  • Social skills intervention
  • Occupational therapy
  • Emotional regulation strategies

A child with dyslexia may need:

  • Structured literacy intervention
  • Explicit reading instruction
  • School accommodations

Research strongly supports early, targeted intervention.

According to Zwaigenbaum et al. (2015), evidence-based interventions initiated early in development improve developmental outcomes across multiple domains for children with autism spectrum disorder.

Step 5: Inform Your Child’s School

Many parents worry about informing teachers after receiving a diagnosis.

However, schools can only provide appropriate support when they understand your child’s needs.

Sharing the assessment report allows educators to implement accommodations such as:

  • Extra processing time
  • Modified instructions
  • Reduced distractions
  • Visual supports
  • Breaks during tasks
  • Behaviour support plans
  • Individual learning goals
  • Examination accommodations

Strong collaboration between families, schools, and clinicians produces better educational outcomes.

Research by Sheridan et al. (2012) highlights that effective family-school partnerships contribute positively to children’s academic achievement and behavioural functioning.

Step 6: Support Your Child Emotionally

Children respond differently to diagnoses depending on their age and level of understanding.

Some children:

  • Feel relieved
  • Feel different from peers
  • Become anxious
  • Ask many questions
  • Show little immediate reaction

If your child is old enough to understand, explain the diagnosis using positive and age-appropriate language.

Instead of saying:

“Something is wrong with you.”

Try:

“Your brain works a little differently, and now we understand how to help you learn in the best way.”

Children benefit when diagnoses are presented as explanations rather than labels.

Self-understanding promotes confidence rather than shame.

Step 7: Create Realistic Goals

Progress rarely happens overnight.

Families often expect rapid improvements once therapy begins.

In reality, development usually occurs gradually.

Instead of focusing only on long-term outcomes, celebrate smaller milestones such as:

  • Following instructions independently
  • Making a new friend
  • Sleeping better
  • Completing homework
  • Managing emotions
  • Reading a new word
  • Trying unfamiliar foods
  • Communicating needs clearly

Small successes build confidence for both children and parents.

Step 8: Establish Routines at Home

Children generally thrive with predictable routines.

Consistent routines help reduce anxiety and improve independence.

Helpful home routines include:

  • Regular sleep schedules
  • Consistent meal times
  • Homework routines
  • Visual schedules
  • Transition warnings
  • Calm bedtime routines
  • Predictable morning routines

Simple environmental adjustments often support learning just as effectively as therapy sessions.

Step 9: Look After Yourself Too

Parents frequently focus entirely on their child’s wellbeing while neglecting their own mental health.

Caring for a child with additional needs can increase stress, financial pressure, and emotional exhaustion.

Research by Hayes and Watson (2013) found that parents of children with autism experience significantly higher parenting stress than parents of typically developing children or children with other disabilities.

This highlights why parental wellbeing should also be considered part of intervention.

Helpful strategies include:

  • Accept support from family
  • Join parent support groups
  • Speak with a psychologist if needed
  • Prioritise sleep
  • Maintain hobbies where possible
  • Share responsibilities with partners

A supported parent is better able to support their child.

Step 10: Review Progress Regularly

Development is an ongoing journey.

As children grow, their needs may change.

Regular reviews help determine:

  • Whether therapy goals remain appropriate
  • If new challenges have emerged
  • Whether school supports require updating
  • If reassessment is needed
  • How strengths are developing

Psychological reassessment may be recommended during key educational transitions or when significant developmental changes occur.

Progress monitoring ensures interventions remain relevant throughout childhood and adolescence.

Common Mistakes Families Should Avoid

After receiving a diagnosis, families sometimes unintentionally make decisions that slow progress.

Common pitfalls include:

  • Waiting too long before beginning recommended supports
  • Starting every available therapy without a clear plan
  • Comparing their child to others
  • Focusing only on weaknesses
  • Ignoring their own wellbeing
  • Expecting immediate results
  • Relying on misinformation from social media rather than qualified professionals

Working closely with experienced clinicians helps families prioritise interventions that are most likely to benefit their child.

How RMPS Supports Families Beyond the Diagnosis

At RMPS, we understand that an assessment is only one part of your family’s journey.

Our role extends beyond identifying a diagnosis. We are committed to helping families understand what the results mean, navigate the next steps with confidence, and connect with the most appropriate support for their child’s unique profile.

Our approach includes:

  • Comprehensive psychological assessments
  • Clear and practical reports
  • Individualised recommendations
  • Collaboration with schools and other professionals
  • Guidance for parents
  • Ongoing reviews when required

Every recommendation we provide is grounded in current research and tailored to your child’s strengths, challenges, and developmental goals. Rather than offering generic advice, we work with families to create realistic pathways that promote meaningful progress over time.

Final Thoughts

A diagnosis can feel overwhelming at first, but it is also an opportunity. It provides answers, direction, and access to the supports that can make a significant difference in your child’s life.

There is no single roadmap that fits every family. Some children may need therapy immediately, while others may benefit most from school accommodations, parent coaching, or regular monitoring. What matters most is having an accurate understanding of your child’s needs and partnering with professionals who can guide you through each stage of the journey.

At RMPS, we believe every child deserves to be understood before they are expected to succeed. With the right assessment, evidence-based recommendations, and collaborative support, families can move beyond uncertainty and focus on helping their child build confidence, independence, and long-term wellbeing.

Receiving a diagnosis isn’t the end of the story, it’s the beginning of a more informed, compassionate, and hopeful path forward.

References

American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed., text rev.).

Dawson, G., Rogers, S., Munson, J., et al. (2010). Randomized, Controlled Trial of an Intervention for Toddlers With Autism: The Early Start Denver Model. Pediatrics, 125(1), e17–e23.

Hayes, S. A., & Watson, S. L. (2013). The Impact of Parenting Stress: A Meta-analysis of Studies Comparing the Experience of Parenting Stress in Parents of Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43, 629–642.

Sheridan, S. M., Kim, E. M., Coutts, M. J., et al. (2012). A Randomized Trial Examining the Effects of Conjoint Behavioral Consultation in Rural Schools. Journal of School Psychology, 50(5), 623–650.

Zwaigenbaum, L., Bauman, M. L., Choueiri, R., et al. (2015). Early Intervention for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Under 3 Years of Age: Recommendations for Practice and Research. Pediatrics, 136(Supplement 1), S60–S81.

World Health Organization. (2022). International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11).

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). (2017). Autism Spectrum Disorder in Under 19s: Support and Management.

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). (2018). Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Diagnosis and Management.

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MacKenzie Ebel

MacKenzie is a Psychometrist/Psychological Assistant at RMPS. She completed her Bachelor of Arts in Psychology at Princeton University, where she also played 4 years for the women’s ice hockey team. She recently completed her Masters in Counselling Psychology through City University of Seattle.MacKenzie has worked with children, youth, and their families in a number of settings, through coaching, as a behavioural aid, and counselling through her internship placement. She is excited to continue learning about assessment administration, neurofeedback, and play therapy practices at RMPS! Currently, she is part of the assessment and neurotherapy team, as she completes her final capstone assignment and intends to join our counselling team as a Registered Provisional Psychologist.

Tammy Thomson

Tammy is a graduate of the Master of Arts in Counselling Psychology (MACP) program at Yorkville University and is trained at the master’s level in art therapy as a professional art psychotherapist and member of the Canadian Art Therapy Association. She brings more than 20 years of experience working with children, teens, and families in child development settings, children’s hospitals, and schools as an early childhood educator and elementary teacher.She completed a Bachelor of Applied Science specializing in Child Development Studies at the University of Guelph, Ontario and holds a Graduate Diploma of Teaching and Learning from the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand. Tammy is a member of the Canadian Counsellor and Psychotherapy Association and College of Alberta Psychologists while pursuing her next goal of registration as a provisional psychologist. Tammy values a client-centered approach using play therapy and the expressive arts to support those who may find it difficult to articulate their thoughts and feelings with words. Children and families do not need any skill or prior art experience and the art studio is a safe place where children can gain a sense of independence, greater emotional regulation, and confidence through self-exploration. Expressive interventions in art therapy can treat behavioural issues, anxiety, depression, ADHD, autism, learning disabilities, physical and developmental disabilities, and attachment difficulties. As a parent of three young children herself, Tammy understands the complexities of family life using compassion to help parents feel more confident in their role of raising a successful family.

Raquel Freitas

Raquel is an Office Administrator at RMPS. Back in Brazil, her home country, she graduated as a Psychologist and worked as a clinician for the past 5 years. Although she loved working with children and adults, she discovered a new passion: manage the administrative tasks that keep the business running. 

As someone who is passionate about learning new things and developing new skills, with the career transition also came the decision to live abroad and explore a new culture. To serve empathetically and connect with people is Raquel’s main personal and professional goal.

Emma Donnelly

Emma is a Registered Psychologist with the College of Alberta Psychologists. She completed her Bachelor of Arts in Psychology in her hometown at Brandon University, after which she moved to Calgary to earn her Master’s of Science in School and Applied Child Psychology at the University of Calgary.Emma has a passion for working with children and families and has experience doing so in a number of settings, including schools, homes, early intervention programs, and within the community. She specializes in assessment, including psychoeduational, social-emotional-behavioural, and autism assessment. Emma uses a client centred approach to counselling, supported by cognitive behavioural therapy, as well as play-based and attachment-based techniques. She believes in meeting clients where they are at and prides herself in working together with her clients to achieve their goals, improve their functioning, and enjoy their daily life.

Amanda Stoner

Amanda is a Registered Psychologist with the College of Alberta Psychologists. Amanda earned her doctoral degree in Psychology at Brock University in Ontario in 2017, with a specialization in developmental psychology. Amanda provides formal assessment services at RMPS. 

Since 2009, Amanda has received formal training and work experience in private practice settings in conducting psycho-educational assessments for students ranging from preschool through university. Amanda is skilled at test administration, interpretation of data, and report writing for various referral questions including ADHD, Learning Disorders, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Anxiety, Giftedness, and Intellectual Disabilities. Amanda enjoys working with people of all ages from diverse backgrounds, and she tries to make the testing environment feel relaxed and comfortable while maintaining integrity in testing protocol.

Denise Riewe

Denise has completed a Bachelor of Health Sciences through the University of Lethbridge and a Master of Counselling with Athabasca University. She is a Registered Provisional Psychologist with the College of Alberta Psychologists and a member of the Psychological Association of Alberta.Denise has over 9 years of experience supporting children, youth and their families in both residential and community-based practices. Denise is experienced in working with high and at-risk youth, supporting children and their families with strength-based approaches. She practices from a client-center approach supported by Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, Dialectical Behaviour Therapy, Theraplay, and other play and art-based modalities.

John Pynn

John is a Registered Provisional Psychologist with the College of Alberta Psychologists. He completed his Master of Arts in Counselling Psychology at Yorkville University. He brings more than 20 years of experience working with children, teens, and families in a variety of settings. He brings a relaxed and collaborative atmosphere to sessions.John uses an integrated counselling approach including client-centred, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), and Solution-Focussed therapy (SFT) to find the best-fit for clients. He has experience with a variety of mental health concerns including anxiety, depression, anger, self-
esteem, relationships, parenting, ADHD, grief/loss, addictions, and trauma. This broad experience comes from working in schools, social service agencies, group-care, and clinical settings. He also draws from the practical experience of being a parent to two teenagers as well as a husband. Supporting and empowering clients with mental health concerns is something John genuinely enjoys. John also provides counselling for adults and holds a Gottman level 1 certification for couples therapy.

Zara Crasto

Zara is a Psychometrist/Psychological Assistant at RMPS. She completed her Bachelor of Science in Psychology at the University of Calgary and her Graduate Diploma in Psychological Assessment at Concordia University of Edmonton. 

Zara has spent over five years working alongside children, adolescents, and their families in a variety of settings. These include public and private schools, in-home support, residential programs, early-intervention programs, and non-profit organizations. Currently, Zara is part of the assessment and neurotherapy team. As a lifelong learner, Zara plans to go back to graduate school and eventually become a psychologist one day.

Kellie Lanktree

Kellie is a Registered Psychologist with the College of Alberta Psychologists. She completed a Bachelor of Child and Youth Care with the University of Victoria and a Master of Education in Counselling Psychology through the University of Lethbridge.Kellie has over 10 years experience supporting children and youth with developmental disorders/delays and their families. Kellie has experience working in schools, clinical settings, and within homes to provide support and therapeutic interventions. Through her time at RMPS, Kellie has also gained experience in helping individuals affected by trauma, grief/loss, separations, emotional dysregulation, depression, and anxiety. Kellie practices through developmental, attachment-based and trauma-informed lenses, and draws from a variety of play-based approaches such as Synergetic Play Therapy, Child-centered play therapy, DIR/Floortime, art-based mediums, and mindfulness-based practices. Kellie also provides Neurofeedback therapy, and is working on receiving her certification through BCIA. Kellie believes in meeting children and their families where they are at and that there is no “one size fits all” for therapy.